The Editorial Team of The Palawan Scientist journal conforms to the COPE Code of Conduct for Journal Editors to guarantee fair and unbiased evaluation, maintain confidentiality, manage conflicts of interest, and uphold editorial responsibility and accountability for all submitted articles.

Editor-in-Chief

Roger G. Dolorosa ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 55932907700)
Environmental Science, Western Philippines University,
Rafols Road, Santa Monica, Puerto Princesa City, Palawan, Philippines
Email Address: palawanscientist.journal@wpu.edu.ph

Associate Editors

Musa Abdu, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 57201421326)
Economics, Gombe State University, Nigeria

Liwayway H. Acero, EdD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 57208555065)
Educational Management, San Beda University, Philippines

Frank Paolo Jay B. Albarico, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 57419225700)
Marine Environmental Engineering and Ecotoxicology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan

Luz G. Asio, PhD ORCID iD ✉
Agronomy, Visayas State University, Philippines

Hernando P. Bacosa, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 25639703800)
Environmental Science, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, Philippines

Cesario A. Bacosa, Jr., PhD ORCID iD ✉
Civil Engineering, Western Philippines University, Philippines

Jwalant K. Bhatt, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 50260892200)
Microbiology/Life Sciences, Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University, Gujarat, India

Dave P. Buenavista, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 57222900252)
Conservation Biology, Central Mindanao University, Philippines

Jonathan Y. Cagas, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 57218599549)
Physical Education, University of the Philippines Mindanao, Philippines

Christopher Marlowe A. Caipang, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 9042988700)
Aquatic Biosciences, University of the Philippines-Visayas, Philippines

Aldrin Y. Cantila, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 57194777190)
Agricultural and Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Australia

Ajeet Singh Chauhan, PhDORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 57810171400)
Bioprocess Technology and Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan

Camille B. Concepcion, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 56962552700)
Wildlife Ecology, Hawk Mountain Sanctuary, USA

Jennifier T. Diamante, PhD ORCID iD ✉
Applied Linguistics, Western Philippines University, Philippines

Gerard G. Dumancas, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 35069258900)
Analytical Chemistry, University of Scranton, Pennsylvania, USA

Erwin C. Escobar, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 57204552927)
Chemical Engineering, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines

Raymon P. Española, PhD ORCID iD ✉
Educational Psychology, Surigao del Norte State University, Philippines

Widad Binti Fadhlullah, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 57190184554)
Environmental Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Malaysia

Cherry P. Fernandez-Colorado, DVM, MS, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 57210991492)
Veterinary, Microbiology, Immunology, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Philippines

Hendrik Freitag, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 7005901831)
Entomology, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Berlin, Germany

Jordan Gacutan, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 57194903223)
Environmental Economics, New South Wales University, Sydney, Australia

Iris Ivy M. Gauran, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 57194016644)
Biostatistics, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Hong Ching Goh, Dr. rer. nat ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 56141384400)
Geography/Urban and Regional Planning, University of Malaya, Malaysia

Benjamin J. Gonzales, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 57225397273)
Fish Biodiversity/Coastal Fisheries Mgt, Retired Professor/Independent Consultant, Philippines

Jenevieve Hara, PhD ORCID iD ✉
Biology and Bioscience Engineering, ECPSHERE, University of Antwerp & Ghent University, Belgium

Sulfath Hakkim Hazeena, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 57142462600)
Bioprocess Technology, Longwood University, USA

Sujan M. Henkanaththegedara, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 37561282600)
Conservation Ecology, Longwood University, USA

Wen-Chien Huang, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 57201334429)
Ichthyology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Taiwan

Timur Jack-Kadioglu, PhD ✉
Environment Social Science, Fauna & Flora International, United Kingdom

Mary Grace A. Jagmis, PhD ✉
Filipino Language, Western Philippines University, Philippines

Ravindra C. Joshi, PhD ORCID iD ✉
Integrated Pest Management, Visiting Adjunct Professor of Agriculture, University of South Pacific, Fiji

Ki-Seok Kwon, PhDORCID iD ✉
Science and Technology Policy Studies, Hanbat National University, South Korea

Van-Re Le, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 57754069600)
Aquatic Science and Technology, University of Industry and Trade, Vietnam

Ligaya R. Leal, PhD ✉
Economics Professor, Lone Star College, Houston, Texas

Li Keat Lee, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 57202329225)
Marine Science, Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University, Singapore

Romeo R. Lerom, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 57191921186)
Plant Genetic Resources/Botany, Western Philippines University, Philippines

Hector R. Lim Jr., PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 56921100400)
Chemical Engineering, Agape Rural Program, Palawan Philippines

Ma. Bernadeth B. Lim, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 56921251300)
Civil Engineering, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Philippines

Maria Morissa D. Lu, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 57208881581)
Engineering Technology (Materials Engineering), University of the Philippines Los Baños, Philippines

Rowell D. Madula, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 57193517251)
Philippine Studies (Language, Culture, Media), De La Salle University, Philippines

Marianne Faith G. Martinico-Perez, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 56742241500)
Environmental Monitoring, Water quality/quantity, Material flow accounting, Nagoya University - Asian Satellite Campuses Institute (NU ASCI) Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Japan

Alisha Morsella, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 57218269275)
Ocean and Human Health Science, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy

Jahfet N. Nabayra, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 58046407200)
Mathematics Education, Aklan State University, Philippines

Mei Lin Neo, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 25958334500)
Marine Biology, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore

Liza B. Patacsil, PhD ✉ (Scopus ID: 55539866500)
Environmental Engineering, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Philippines

Jupeth T. Pentang ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 57360776800)
Mathematics Education, Central Luzon State University, Philippines

Dhiraj Pradhananga, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 57216157277)
Glacier Hydrology, Tribhuwan University, Nepal

Delianis Pringgenies, MSc ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 24290899400)
Marine Science, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia

András Retzler, PhD ORCID iD ✉
Mechanical Engineer, Systems and Metal Engineering (EMSME), Ghent University, Belgium

Rosario Rivera Rubite, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 35105856200)
Plant Systematics, Molecular Biology, Begoniaceae, University of the Philippines, Philippines

V. Deepak Samuel, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 57190296111)
Marine Ecology, National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, Chennai, India

Alangelico O. San Pascual, MSc ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 57219873238)
Horticulture, Philippine Science High School-Main Campus, Philippines

Jon Marx Sarmiento, PhD ORCID iD ✉
Agricultural Economics, University of the Philippines Mindanao, Philippines

Sabine Schoppe, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 6603579879)
Aquatic/Wildlife Ecology, Katala Foundation Incorporated, Philippines

Simone Sühnel, PhD ORCID iD ✉
Aquaculture, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Brazil

Julius Ceazar G. Tolentino, MSHMS ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 57470012400)
Physical Education, Don Honorio Ventura State University, Philippines

Maxim V. Trushin, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 10142619100)
Biological Sciences, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation

Randy A. Tudy, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 57218587022)
Organization Studies, University of Southeastern Philippines, Philippines

Jonah van Beijnen, MSc ✉
Sustainable Aquaculture/Conservation Biology, Fins & Leaves, Europe

Jey-R S. Ventura, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 55268264200)
Environmental Engineering and Energy, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines

Voltaire M. Villanueva, PhD ORCID iD ✉
Philippine Studies (Language, Culture, Media), Philippine Normal University, Philippines

MANAGING EDITOR
John Patrick F. Mecha, LPT ORCID iD

WEB DEVELOPER

John Daryl B. Homecillo
Information Technology, RIDE, Western Philippines University, Philippines

Engr. Michael Angelo D. Maga-ao, MAM,
Information Technology, Western Philippines University, Philippines

LANGUAGE EDITORS
Karen Salve M. Maute, EdD ORCID iD ✉
Elsa Carmen N. Montaño, PhD ORCID iD ✉

EDITORIAL STAFF
Jovan A. Gimarangan, LPT
Kryzell Ann A. Trestiza, RFP
Bergenius U. Shalah

TECHNICAL ADVISERS
Amabel S. Liao, PhD ORCID iD ✉
Economics and Management, Western Philippines University, Philippines

Jhonamie Mabuhay-Omar, PhDORCID iD✉ (Scopus ID: 57201964106)
Biotechnology, Western Philippines University

Lota A. Creencia, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 57202735911)
Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences, Western Philippines University, Philippines

Lawrence M. Liao, PhD ORCID iD ✉ (Scopus ID: 7202542430)
Marine Plants, Hiroshima University, Japan

Ria S. Sariego, PhD ORCID iD ✉
Educational Management, Western Philippines University, Philippines